17 APR 1924-30 AUG 1994 LINDSAY ANDERSON

Lindsay Anderson

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Lindsay Anderson

Born	Lindsay Gordon Anderson 17 April 1923 Bangalore, British India
Died	30 August 1994 (aged 71) Angoulême, France
Occupation	Film director
Years active	1948–1993

Lindsay Gordon Anderson (17 April 1923 – 30 August 1994)^[1] was a British feature film, theatre and documentary director, film critic, and leading light of the Free Cinema movement and the British New Wave.^[2]^[3] He is most widely remembered for his 1968 film if...., which won the Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival and was Malcolm McDowell's cinematic debut.^[4] He is also notable, though not a professional actor, for playing a minor role in the Academy Award winning film Chariots of Fire. Malcolm McDowell produced a 2007 documentary about his experiences with Lindsay Anderson, Never Apologize.^[5]

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Early life[edit]

Of Scottish parentage, Anderson was the son of a British Army officer. He was born in Bangalore, South India, and educated at Saint Ronan's School in Worthing, West Sussex, and at Cheltenham College, where he met his lifelong friend and biographer, the screenwriter and novelist Gavin Lambert; and at Wadham College, Oxford, where he studied English.

After graduating, Anderson worked for the final year of World War II as a cryptographer for the Intelligence Corps, at the Wireless Experimental Centre in Delhi. Anderson assisted in nailing the Red flag to the roof of the Junior Officers' mess in Annan Parbat, in August 1945, after the victory of the Labour Party in the general election was confirmed.^[6] The colonel did not approve, he recalled a decade later, but no disciplinary action was taken against them.

Career[edit]

Film criticism[edit]

Before going into film-making, Anderson was a prominent film critic writing for the influential Sequence magazine (1947–52), which he co-founded with Gavin Lambert and Karel Reisz; later writing for the British Film Institute's journal Sight and Sound and the left-wingpolitical weekly the New Statesman. In a 1956 polemical article, "Stand Up, Stand Up" for Sight and Sound, he attacked contemporary critical practices, in particular the pursuit of objectivity. Taking as an example some comments made by Alistair Cooke in 1935, where Cooke claimed to be without politics as a critic, Anderson responded:

The problems of commitment are directly stated, but only apparently faced. …The denial of the critics moral responsibility is specific; but only at the cost of sacrificing his dignity. … [These assumptions:] the holding of liberal, or humane, values; the proviso that these must not be taken too far; the adoption of a tone which enables the writer to evade through humour [mean] the fundamental issues are balked."^[6]

Following a series of screenings which he and the National Film Theatre programmer Karel Reisz organized for the venue of independently-produced short films by himself and others, he developed a philosophy of cinema which found expression in what became known, by the late-1950s, as the Free Cinema movement.^[7] This was the belief that the British cinema must break away from its class-bound attitudes and that non-metropolitan Britain ought to be shown on the nation's screens.

Filmmaking[edit]

Along with Karel Reisz, Tony Richardson, and others, he secured funding from a variety of sources (including Ford of Britain) and they each made a series of short documentaries on a variety of subjects. One of Anderson's early short films, Thursday's Children (1954), concerning the education of deaf children, made in collaboration with Guy Brenton, a friend from his Oxford days, won an Oscar for Best Documentary Short in 1954.

These films, influenced by one of Anderson' heroes, the French filmmaker Jean Vigo, and made in the tradition of the British documentaries of Humphrey Jennings, foreshadowed much of the social realism of British cinema that emerged in the next decade, with Reisz'sSaturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960), Richardson's The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner (1962) and Anderson's own This Sporting Life (1963), produced by Reisz. Anderson's film met with mixed reviews at the time, and was not a commercial success.

Anderson is perhaps best remembered as a filmmaker for his "Mick Travis trilogy", all of which star Malcolm McDowell as the title character: if.... (1968), a satire on public schools; O Lucky Man! (1973) a Pilgrim's Progress inspired road movie; and Britannia Hospital(1982), a fantasia taking stylistic influence from the populist wing of British cinema represented by Hammer horror films and Carry On comedies.^[5]

In 1981, Anderson played the role of the Master of Caius College at Cambridge University in the film Chariots of Fire.

Anderson developed an acquaintance from 1950 with John Ford, which led to what has come to be regarded as one of the standard books on that director, Anderson's About John Ford (1983). Based on half a dozen meetings over more than two decades, and a lifetime's study of the man's work, the book has been described as "One of the best books published by a film-maker on a film-maker".^[8]

In 1985, producer Martin Lewis invited Anderson to chronicle Wham!'s visit to China, the first-ever visit by Western pop artists, which resulted in Anderson's film Foreign Skies: Wham! In China. He admitted in his diary on 31 March 1985, to having "no interest in Wham!", or China, and he was simply "'doing this for the money'".^[9] In 1986, he was a member of the jury at the 36th Berlin International Film Festival.^[10]

Anderson was also a significant British theatre director. He was long associated with London's Royal Court Theatre, where he was Co-Artistic Director 1969–70, and Associate Artistic Director 1971–75, directing premiere productions of plays by David Storey, among others.

In 1992, as a close friend of actresses Jill Bennett and Rachel Roberts, Anderson included a touching episode in his autobiographical BBC film Is That All There Is?, with a boat trip down the River Thames (several of their professional colleagues and friends aboard) to scatter their ashes on the waters while musician Alan Price sang the song "Is That All There Is?".

Every year, the International Documentary Festival in Amsterdam (IDFA) gives an acclaimed filmmaker the chance to screen his or her personal Top 10 favorite films. In 2007, Iranian filmmaker Maziar Bahari selected O Dreamland and Every Day Except Christmas(1957), a record of a day in the old Covent Garden market, for his top 10 classics from the history of documentary.[3]

Personal life[edit]

Gavin Lambert's memoir, Mainly About Lindsay Anderson, in which he claimed that Anderson repressed his homosexuality, was seen as a betrayal by his other friends.^{[citation needed]} In November 2006 Malcolm McDowell told The Independent:

I know that he was in love with Richard Harris the star of Anderson's first feature, This Sporting Life. I am sure that it was the same with me and Albert Finney and the rest. It wasn't a physical thing. But I suppose he always fell in love with his leading men. He would always pick someone who was unattainable because he was heterosexual.^[11]

Theatre productions[edit]

All Royal Court, London, unless otherwise indicated:

The Waiting of Lester Abbs (Kathleen Sully, 1957)
The Long and the Short and the Tall (Willis Hal,1959)
Progress to the Park (Alun Owen, 1959)
The Trial of Cob and Leach/Jazzetry (Christopher Logue, 1959)
Serjeant Musgrave's Dance (John Arden, 1959)
The Lily White Boys (Harry Cookson and Christopher Logue, 1960)
Trials by Logue: Antigone/Cob and Leach (Christopher Logue, 1960)
Diary of a Madman (Gogol adaptation, 1963)
Box and Cox (John Maddison Morton, 1961)
The Fire Raisers (Max Frisch, 1961)
Julius Caesar (William Shakespeare, 1964)
Andorra (Max Frisch, National Theatre at the Old Vic, 1964)
The Cherry Orchard (Anton Chekhov, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1966)
Inadmissible Evidence (John Osborne, Teatr Współczesny, Warsaw, 1966)
The Contractor (David Storey, 1969)
Home (David Storey, also Morosco Theatre NY, 1970)
The Changing Room (David Storey, 1971)
The Farm (David Storey, 1973)
Life Class (David Storey, 1974)
In Celebration (David Storey 1974)
What the Butler Saw (Joe Orton, 1975)
The Seagull (Anton Chekhov, Lyric Theatre, 1975); in repertory with
The Bed Before Yesterday (Ben Travers, Lyric Theatre, 1975)
The Kingfisher (William Douglas Home, Lyric Theatre 1977, Biltmore NY, 1978)
Alice's Boys (Felicity Brown and Jonathan Hayes, Savoy Theatre, 1978)
Early Days (David Storey, National Cottesloe Theatre, 1980)
The Holly and the Ivy (Wynyard Browne, Roundabout New York, 1982)
The Cherry Orchard (Anton Chekhov, Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1983)
The Playboy of the Western World (John Millington Synge, 1984)
In Celebration revival (David Storey, Manhattan Theatre Club, NY, 1984)
Holiday (Philip Barry, Old Vic, 1987)
The March on Russia (David Storey, National Lyttelton Theatre, 1989)
The Fishing Trip (Frank Grimes, Warehouse Theatre, 1991)
Stages (David Storey, National Cottesloe Theatre, 1992)

Filmography[edit]

This Sporting Life (1963)
The White Bus (1967)
if.... (1968)
O Lucky Man! (1973)
In Celebration (1975)
Look Back in Anger (1980)
Britannia Hospital (1982)
The Whales of August (1987)
Glory! Glory! (1989)

Documentary and TV[edit]

Meet the Pioneers (1948)
Idlers that Work (1949)
Three Installations (1951)
Wakefield Express (1952)
Thursday's Children (1953)
O Dreamland (1953)
Trunk Conveyor (1954)
Foot and Mouth (1955)
A Hundred Thousand Children (1955)
The Children Upstairs (1955)
Green and Pleasant Land (1955)
Henry (1955)
£20 a Ton (1955)
Energy First (1955)
Every Day Except Christmas (1957)
March to Aldermaston (1959)
The Singing Lesson (1967)
Home (1971)
The Old Crowd, screenplay by Alan Bennett (LWT, 1979)
Foreign Skies: Wham! In China (also known as "If You Were There") (1985)
Glory! Glory! (1989)
Is That All There Is? (Autobiographical film for BBC, 1993)

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Lindsay Anderson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindsay_Anderson

Lindsay Gordon Anderson (17 April 1923 – 30 August 1994) was a British feature film, theatre and documentary director, film critic, and leading light of the Free ...

‎Early life - ‎Career - ‎Personal life - ‎Theatre productions